Need Clarification on the Difference Between C and C++

Hello everyone,

I'm relatively new to programming and recently came across an article discussing the differences between C and C++. While I found the article at informative, I still have a few questions and would appreciate some clarification.

Firstly, I'd like to understand the key distinctions between C and C++ in terms of their syntax and overall language features. Are there any specific language constructs or functionalities that are unique to one language but not the other?

Additionally, I'm curious about the practical implications of choosing one language over the other. Are there certain scenarios or domains where C is preferred over C++ and vice versa? It would be great to hear some real-world examples that highlight the strengths and weaknesses of each language.

Furthermore, I would like to know if there are any fundamental differences in terms of performance or efficiency between C and C++. Does one language generally outperform the other in specific situations, or is their performance comparable in most cases?

Lastly, as a beginner, I would appreciate any advice or recommendations on which language to prioritize learning first. Are there any key factors, such as industry demand or future prospects, that I should consider when making this decision?

If anyone could shed some light on these queries or provide additional insights into the topic, I would be extremely grateful. Any relevant resources, tutorials, or personal experiences you can share would be highly valuable.

Thank you in advance for your help and guidance!